ZERO PROBABILITY :
The probability by chance for favorable mutations to occur in order for any evolutionary change to take place is........... ZERO .
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Stanislav Ulam :
It seems to require many thousands , perhaps millions of successive mutations to produce even the easiest complexity we see in life now . It appears naively at least , t...hat no matter how large the probabilty of a single mutations is , should it be even as great as one - half , you would get this probability raised to a millionth power , which is so very close to zero that the chances of such a chain seem to be practically non-existent .
Stanislav M Ulam , "How to formulate mathematically problems of rate of evolution." In mathematical challenges .21.
The probability by chance for favorable mutations to occur in order for any evolutionary change to take place is........... ZERO .
---------
Stanislav Ulam :
It seems to require many thousands , perhaps millions of successive mutations to produce even the easiest complexity we see in life now . It appears naively at least , t...hat no matter how large the probabilty of a single mutations is , should it be even as great as one - half , you would get this probability raised to a millionth power , which is so very close to zero that the chances of such a chain seem to be practically non-existent .
Stanislav M Ulam , "How to formulate mathematically problems of rate of evolution." In mathematical challenges .21.
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